utilitarianism

A weighted lottery is an activity that provides each individual in a group with an equal opportunity to be included in the final outcome of a decision.

There are two kinds of utilitarianism: act utilitarianism vs rule utilitarianism. There is a contrast between strong rule and weak rule in rule utilitarianism.

Utilitarianism is the moral philosophy that says we must do whatever produces the most pleasure for the largest number of individuals in every scenario.